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Emblemático paraíso felino donde viven más gatos que personas

Aoshima no tiene hospedajes ni cafeterías ni restaurantes ni tiendas de 'souvenirs', pero es una visita obligada para muchos turistas.

A unos 35 minutos en ferri desde la costa de la prefectura japonesa de Ehime, en Shikoku —la más pequeña de las cuatro islas principales del país—, se encuentra Aoshima, un emblemático territorio insular habitado por más gatos que personas. 

Comúnmente conocida como la "isla de los gatos", no tiene hospedajes ni cafeterías ni restaurantes ni tiendas de 'suovenirs', pero es una visita obligada para muchos turistas. Sus visitantes tienen una hora para explorar, tomar fotos y jugar con los gatos en una zona de alimentación designada. Naoko Kamimoto, conocida por muchos como 'Mamá Gato', es la guardiana no oficial de este santuario gatuno; los alimenta, les istra medicamentos y los vigila mientras interactúan con los foráneos.

Los felinos fueron introducidos en la isla hace mucho tiempo, cuando Aoshima era un próspero pueblo pesquero con problemas de ratas. Entonces, estos animales callejeros, traídos desde otros pueblos, fueron 'reclutados' como método de control de plagas. Con los años, su población se multiplicó rápidamente al mismo tiempo que los humanos comenzaron a abandonar la isla a falta de sardinas, principal fuente de sustento económico. 

Hace una década, unos 200 gatos salvajes deambulaban por sus calles  y se decía que superaban en 6 a 1 el número de personas. En 2017, sus habitantes apenas eran 13, la mayoría jubilados. Actualmente, solo quedan cuatro japoneses en toda la isla, según un informe de diciembre del diario The Guardian.

A falta de gente para cuidar a este ejército de cuatro patas y bigotes, la Sociedad Protectora de Gatos de Aoshima implementó en 2018 un masivo programa de castraciones y esterilizaciones, cuenta la revista Tokyo Weekender. Desde entonces, no han nacido más gatitos, aseguran desde esta ONG, que vela por su bienestar. A día de hoy, quedan alrededor de 80 ejemplares. Todos tienen más de siete años y un tercio lucha contra enfermedades causadas por décadas de endogamia.

Aunque es difícil predecir el futuro de la isla, es probable que este paraíso felino desaparezca. Si bien no hay garantía de que sus cuatro habitantes pasen el resto de sus días en Aoshima, donde no hay servicios médicos, la población de gatos seguirá disminuyendo a medida que envejezcan. Aunque reciben donaciones de alimentos de todo Japón y comen pequeños animales de la isla, se cree que sin el apoyo de Naoko Kamimoto o 'Mamá Gato', muchos de ellos pasarían hambre. 

"Creo que la gente desaparecerá antes que los gatos. La isla tiene casi 400 años de historia, pero terminará. Lo mejor que podemos hacer es cuidarlos hasta el final", asegura Kiichi Takino, de la Sociedad Protectora.

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