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Bashar al Assad

Bashar Hafez al Assad es presidente de Siria desde el año 2000. Los últimos cuatro años de su istración han estado marcados por una devastadora guerra civil en la que la parte rebelde ha recibido intenso apoyo de varios gobiernos occidentales.

Nacimiento: 11 de septiembre de 1965, Damasco, Siria.

Partido: Rama siria del Partido Baath Árabe Socialista.

Alma mater: Universidad de Damasco.

Cargo actual: Presidente de Siria.

Ocupación: político, oftalmólogo y médico.

Idiomas: árabe, inglés, francés.

Fechas clave:

1982 – 1988: Estudia en la Universidad de Damasco.

1992: Realiza un posgrado en oftalmología en el Reino Unido.

1994: Tras la muerte de su hermano mayor, a quien estaban preparando para gobernar, vuelve a Damasco y sirve en el Ejército Sirio.

1994: Entra en la Academia Militar de Homs, norte de Damasco.

1997: Asciende a Teniente Coronel. En 1999 llega al rango de Coronel.

1998: Se encarga de la ocupación siria del Líbano.

2000: Al morir su padre, el presidente Hafez al Assad, asciende a General del Estado Mayor y Jefe Supremo de las Fuerzas Armadas. Ese mismo año fue elegido mediante un referéndum como presidente.

2007, 2014: Fue reelegido como presidente. 

La presidencia: el primer año de su gobierno, Al Assad liberó a un grupo de presos políticos. En Siria comenzó a salir el primer periódico independiente, empezaron a funcionar foros políticos, aparecieron las primeras Universidades privadas. En Damasco abrieron bancos privados y el mercado de valores.

En marzo de 2011 se iniciaron en Siria protestas opositoras para exigir la renuncia de Al Assad; estas acciones no tardaron mucho en transformarse en una guerra civil a plena escala. A pesar de que el mandatario gozaba del apoyo de una importante parte de la población, EE.UU. y la Unión Europea ampararon a los rebeldes y después de acusar al gobierno de Al Assad de crímenes sin precedentes pusieron sobre la mesa la posibilidad de una intervención militar internacional en el país. Rusia, China, Venezuela, Bolivia, Ecuador y Cuba, entre otros, se opusieron a la medida, apelando a la falta de pruebas y a la inisibilidad de injerirse en asuntos internos de un país.  

Finalmente, en septiembre de 2013 se desechó la posibilidad de lanzar una acción militar en Siria después de que Rusia y EE.UU. llegaran a un acuerdo sobre el plan de control internacional de los arsenales químicos sirios.


Citas de Assad:

-"Siria nunca venderá su honor, su soberanía nacional y su personalidad por un pedazo de pan".

- "Lo que está sucediendo ahora no es sólo un complot dirigido contra Siria, sino contra toda la región". 

-"Resistiremos hasta el final. Todo el mundo lo verá. No vamos a rendirnos por un par de dólares. Déjalos imponer tantos embargos como quieran, nunca lograrán nada. Los ciudadanos en la calle lo saben".

-"¿Cómo dicen que Al Qaeda no tiene fuerza aérea">