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Reuters: La UE abandona sanciones al gas licuado ruso y cambia de táctica

En medio de un tablero geopolítico cada vez más fracturado, la UE teje una estrategia para reducir su dependencia energética de Moscú, al tiempo que surgen temores de caer bajo la influencia de EE.UU.

Funcionarios de la Unión Europea han decidido abandonar sus planes de imponer sanciones a las importaciones rusas de gas natural licuado (GNL) en su próximo 17.º paquete de medidas contra Moscú, informa Reuters. Esta decisión refleja la creciente resistencia de algunos Estados y la preocupación por asegurar suministros de energía alternativos, mientras Bruselas se enfoca en una estrategia más amplia para eliminar la dependencia energética de Rusia para 2027.

La Comisión Europea había considerado prohibir el GNL ruso en enero, durante la elaboración de su 16.º paquete de sanciones, pero se encontró con la oposición inmediata de países como Hungría y Eslovaquia. Actualmente, el GNL ruso representa el 11 % de los suministros del bloque por gasoducto, en comparación con casi el 40 % en 2022, pero los volúmenes de gas natural licuado ruso han aumentado rápidamente en los últimos tres años, según el New York Times.

Los riesgos de cambiar una dependencia por otra

La UE planea presentar a principios de mayo una hoja de ruta detallada para eliminar por completo la energía rusa en un plazo de tres años. Sin embargo, surgen dudas debido a las maniobras geopolíticas con Estados Unidos. Los funcionarios reconocen en privado que perder el al gas ruso a través de sanciones podría debilitar la influencia de Bruselas en las negociaciones con Washington y llevar a una nueva dependencia con EE.UU., que es el tercer mayor proveedor de gas del bloque, después de Rusia y Noruega.

El presidente Donald Trump ha instado repetidamente a los líderes europeos a aumentar las compras de GNL estadounidense, y los funcionarios de la UE lo ven como una posible herramienta de negociación para levantar los aranceles sobre los productos europeos. Sin embargo, Washington aún no ha aclarado sus demandas específicas, lo que deja a Bruselas en una posición negociadora delicada. Durante una reunión el lunes, la UE y Estados Unidos discutieron el inicio de conversaciones formales, pero el diálogo se encuentra en una fase preliminar de "ejercicio de alcance", según indican funcionarios de la UE.