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Advierten de un "doble golpe" de EE.UU. contra las exportaciones de la UE

Desde principios de año, el euro se ha revalorizado en 8,5 % frente al dólar.

El dólar, a pesar de los vaticinios de muchos economistas, se ha debilitado y ha provocado la subida del euro, lo que a su vez se ha traducido en más problemas para los exportadores de la Unión Europea, indicaron analistas de Euractiv. 

En opinión de los expertos, desde principios del año el euro se ha revalorizado en 8,5 % frente al dólar. Esto respondería al hecho de que los aranceles anunciados por el presidente estadounidense, Donald Trump, han generado "inquietud" en los mercados de divisas y llevado a los analistas a recortar las revisiones de crecimiento en el país norteamericano.

En consecuencia, recalcan, se han visto agudizados los problemas de los exportadores del bloque, que tenían esperanza de que un posible fortalecimiento del dólar, gracias al proteccionismo sin precedentes, por una parte, y un debilitamiento del euro, por otra, pudieran mitigar el impacto de las nuevas tarifas al abaratar sus productos en comparación con las exportaciones estadounidenses. 

"Es un doble golpe para los exportadores europeos a EE.UU., ya que no solo se ven afectados por los aranceles, sino que la compensación normal por la apreciación del dólar frente al euro no está surtiendo efecto; de hecho, está ocurriendo lo contrario", explicó Sander Tordoir, economista del Centro para la Reforma Europea. "Así que si eres un exportador europeo que depende del mercado estadounidense, mecánicamente, ambos efectos negativos se superponen en lugar de equilibrarse", agregó.

Si bien los exportadores suelen protegerse frente a las fluctuaciones de las divisas para defender sus ingresos, los grupos industriales se han hecho más eco del impacto de la depreciación del dólar en las compañías europeas. "La debilidad del dólar aumenta la presión que ya ejercen las tarifas y puede debilitar la rentabilidad", sostuvo Manuel Kallweit, economista del grupo alemán de industria automovilística VDA. 

No obstante, los analistas iten que todavía es imposible saber si la apreciación del euro tendrá un impacto tan grave como los aranceles de Trump, ya que se desconoce cuáles serán las tarifas. 

Por otra parte, indican que la fortaleza del euro también podría dañar la competitividad de la UE frente a China.