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EE.UU. invierte una fortuna en la formación de líderes políticos afines a sus objetivos

EE.UU. invierte una fortuna en becas para estudiantes extranjeros, pero los esfuerzos se compensan: los discípulos, que piensan y actúan como le conviene a EE.UU., ocupan altos cargos en sus países y efectúan la política estadounidense.
Cerca de 300 altos cargos de diferentes países estudiaron en EE.UU., según los datos del Departamento de Estado. Entre ellos el presidente de Egipto, Mohamed Morsi; el presidente de Georgia, Mijaíl Saakashvili, o el primer ministro israelí, Benjamin Netanyahu, entre muchos otros.

"El 92% de las personas que pasan por el programa de intercambio de Estados Unidos ocupa después puestos en el Parlamento o en ONG", comenta Tara Sonenshine, subsecretaria de Estado para la Diplomacia Pública y Asuntos Públicos.

Algunos de los titulados no descartan vías militares cuando ocupan sus cargos. Por ejemplo, Amadou Sanogo  que encabezó el golpe de Estado en Mali en marzo de 2012 y protagonizó momentos importantes del conflicto, cursó en EE.UU. varios entrenamientos especiales que se llevan a cabo bajo la istración de los departamentos de Estado y de Defensa. Este febrero el ex líder de la junta militar asumió la Presidencia del Comité de Reforma del Ejército.

La práctica reporta no solo beneficios políticos, sino también económicos. "No lo llamaría gastar dinero, sino invertirlo", comentó el secretario de Estado estadounidense, John Kerry.  "Es una recompensa difícil de calcular, pero puedo decir que se podría calcular por el número de tropas que no hay que enviar a ninguna parte", añadió.

"Nos preguntaban '¿cómo debilitar al Gobierno?'"

Más que manejar asuntos públicos les enseñan a los estudiantes a actuar según los estándares e intereses estadounidenses, comentan algunos estudiantes. "En cada lección en el marco del curso estaba presente un representante del Departamento de Estado", señala Soraya Sepahpour-Ulrich, que en 2006 cursó dos años de diplomacia pública en la Universidad de Colombia pero nunca trabajó de acuerdo con la formación que recibió allí. "No nos enseñaron relaciones públicas, sino cómo implementar lo que ellos querían".

"Además se refería a los asuntos de otros países. La mayor parte del tiempo estaba interfiriendo en asuntos de otros países, es decir, yo puedo no estar contenta con el Gobierno de Irán, pero apoyo su soberanía. En clase los profesores preguntaban '¿cómo llevamos la democracia a Irán?, ¿cómo debilitar al Gobierno?'. Así que para mí fue un verdadero desafío ver el programa desde dentro. Y no se trataba solo de Irán. Lo que también estaba en esa lista, definitivamente partes de la Unión Soviética... De hecho en 2007, cuando yo estaba en ese programa ya comenzaron a concentrarse en África", comentó Soraya.