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Las trabas legales que impiden a la UE renunciar al gas ruso

Publicado: 5 May 2025 12:35 GMT

"Cualquier acción deliberada de la Unión Europea debilita el caso de fuerza mayor", comentó una abogada especializada en contratos de GNL.

La Unión Europea puede enfrentarse a obstáculos legales en su apuesta por abandonar por completo las importaciones del gas ruso, informa Reuters este lunes.

Según abogados y analistas consultados por la agencia, la decisión de los funcionarios europeos de renunciar a sus planes de imponer sanciones a las importaciones rusas de gas natural licuado (GNL) en su próximo 17.º paquete de medidas contra Moscú dificulta la posibilidad de rescindir los contratos utilizando opciones legales como la fuerza mayor.

En este contexto, Agnieszka Ason, abogada independiente especializada en contratos de GNL, explicó que para que se declare fuerza mayor, un proveedor debe incumplir el contrato, por ejemplo, por falta de entrega, lo cual no ocurre con los exportadores rusos. "Cualquier acción deliberada de la UE debilita el caso de fuerza mayor. Es lo contrario de lo que se entiende por fuerza mayor", afirmó la experta.

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Las deliberaciones surgen a raíz de los planes de Bruselas de presentar este martes una hoja de ruta detallada para abandonar por completo los suministros gasísticos rusos. Sin embargo, surgen dudas debido a las maniobras geopolíticas con Estados Unidos. Funcionarios reconocieron en privado que perder el al gas ruso a través de sanciones podría debilitar la influencia de Bruselas en las negociaciones con Washington y llevar a una nueva dependencia con EE.UU., que es el tercer mayor proveedor de gas del bloque, después de Rusia y Noruega.

El suministro de gas ruso a los países europeos a través de Ucrania quedó suspendido desde el pasado 1 de enero debido a la negativa de Kiev a prorrogar los acuerdos bilaterales. Sin embargo, alrededor del 19 % de todo el gas del bloque comunitario sigue procediendo de Rusia, a través del gasoducto TurkStream y los envíos de GNL.

En marzo, el presidente ruso, Vladímir Putin, abordó el asunto y manifestó que si Estados Unidos y Rusia acuerdan cooperar en el sector energético, entonces podría ser posible construir un gasoducto hacia Europa. "Y esto beneficiará a Europa, porque recibirá gas ruso barato", destacó.

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